Therapeutic area · MigraineUpdated September 28, 2026

EDC for migraine trials, built around the headache diary

Migraine endpoints come from what participants record at home: headache days, severity, symptoms and medication. Capture runs the daily diary on participants' phones with windows and reminders, and keeps visits, safety and randomisation in the same study.

  • Daily headache diary
  • Baseline and treatment periods
  • Attack-level diaries for acute trials

Free sandbox · No credit card · 21 CFR Part 11 aligned

Headache diary

Thursday · Day 19

Did you have a headache today?

NoYes

Worst pain today

MildModerateSevere

Symptoms (select all)

NauseaSensitivity to lightSensitivity to soundAura

Acute medication taken?

NoYes
Skip logic keeps headache-free days short

What matters in migraine trials

  • Preventive trials usually use change in monthly migraine days as the primary endpoint, from a prospective baseline period (commonly about four weeks) to the treatment period, with the 50% responder rate as a key secondary.
  • Acute treatment trials follow individual attacks; FDA guidance for acute migraine uses pain freedom at 2 hours and freedom from the most bothersome symptom at 2 hours as co-primary endpoints.
  • Everything depends on a daily electronic diary: a missed day is missing data, not a headache-free day.
  • Record acute medication use each day; it defines medication-overuse and affects endpoint derivations.
  • Consensus guidelines from the International Headache Society describe how to classify migraine days; write the definitions into the protocol and diary help text.

The diary

A diary designed for how migraine actually happens

A preventive migraine trial asks participants to record every day for months, including the many days without a headache. The diary therefore has to be fast on a good day (one question) and thorough on a bad day (duration, severity, symptoms, aura, medication). Skip logic does exactly that: answering "No" to a headache ends the entry.

Migraine day definitions are specific: a headache of sufficient duration with migraine features, or one treated with a migraine-specific acute medication, typically counts as a migraine day. The diary must capture the fields those rules use, as structured answers, so the classification can be applied consistently in analysis.

Acute trials: attack-level recording

Acute treatment trials instead ask participants to treat a qualifying attack and record pain and symptoms at defined time points (for example 0, 30 minutes, 1, 2, 24 and 48 hours after dosing). The most bothersome symptom is chosen before treatment. Time-stamped entries in a phone diary are far more reliable than recall at the next visit.

Baseline period and eligibility

Eligibility usually requires a minimum number of migraine days during the baseline period and a minimum diary completion rate. Running the baseline diary in the same study as treatment keeps the eligibility check and the endpoint on the same data.

Monthly migraine days · Subject 012-0008

Baseline

9.5

Month 3

4.0

Diary days

27/28

Month 17/12
Month 25/12
Month 34/12

58% reduction: responder

Derived from daily diary entries

Compliance

Protect every diary day

Completion windows stop participants filling in a week of entries from memory, and a reminder ladder prompts them when an entry is due, the next day and before the window closes, respecting quiet hours. The dashboard shows at-risk participants so sites can intervene before a month is compromised.

  • Daily recurring diary with a completion window.
  • Reminders by email or SMS.
  • Compliance per participant on the dashboard.
Patient diary software
ePRO compliance by site
Site 0194%
Site 0281%
Site 0358%

At-risk participants

03-0073 diary entries missedReminder delivered
03-011Week 4 questionnaire overdueEmail bounced

Build a headache diary with skip logic

Try it on your own phone in the free sandbox.

Build your migraine study free

Study build

Migraine study build checklist

Migraine day definition

Written into the protocol and reflected in diary fields.

Baseline period

Length, minimum migraine days and minimum diary compliance.

Acute medication captured

Daily, by type, for medication-overuse and endpoint rules.

Attack-level diary (acute trials)

Time points after dosing and most bothersome symptom chosen before treatment.

Compliance review

Weekly review of at-risk participants.

Suicidality assessment if required

C-SSRS for CNS-active drugs where the protocol requires.

Endpoints

Migraine endpoints and the diary fields they depend on

EndpointTrial typeDiary fields needed
Change in monthly migraine daysPreventiveHeadache yes/no, duration, severity, migraine features, migraine-specific medication.
50% responder ratePreventiveSame as above, per participant per month.
Monthly headache daysPreventiveAny headache of defined duration.
Acute medication daysPreventiveAcute medication taken, by type.
Pain freedom at 2 hoursAcutePain severity at dosing and at 2 hours after dosing.
Most bothersome symptom freedom at 2 hoursAcuteSymptom chosen before dosing, presence at 2 hours.
Sustained pain freedomAcutePain from 2 to 24 or 48 hours, rescue medication use.

Beyond headache days

Disability and quality of life

Headache days tell only part of the story. Preventive trials commonly add periodic questionnaires on migraine-related disability and impact, such as the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) or the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), and migraine-specific quality of life measures. These are completed monthly or at visits rather than daily, so they belong on the visit schedule alongside the daily diary. Check the terms of use for each instrument before you build it.

Because the same participants are completing a daily diary, keep periodic questionnaires short and schedule them on days with a visit or a reminder already planned. More on scheduling different questionnaires in one study in ePRO software.

FAQ

Questions teams ask before they switch

Something not covered here? Ask us directly.

What is the primary endpoint in migraine prevention trials?

Usually change from baseline in monthly migraine days, with the 50% responder rate as a key secondary endpoint.

What are the endpoints in acute migraine trials?

FDA guidance uses pain freedom at 2 hours and freedom from the most bothersome symptom at 2 hours as co-primary endpoints.

Why use an electronic headache diary?

Completion windows ensure daily entries, skip logic keeps headache-free days quick, and missed days are visible immediately.

Do participants need an app?

No. The diary opens in the phone browser from a secure link.

Can I try it free?

Yes, in the free sandbox with every feature.

Every migraine day counted

Daily diaries with windows and reminders. Free sandbox.

Build your migraine study free