A biomarker is a characteristic that is measured as an indicator of normal biological processes, disease processes or responses to an exposure or intervention. It can be molecular, imaging-based, physiological or digital.
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Biomarker
noun · clinical research
A defined characteristic measured as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or responses to an exposure or intervention.
Related terms
In short
Categories
| Category | Answers | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Susceptibility / risk | Who is likely to develop the disease? | Genetic risk variants |
| Diagnostic | Does the person have the disease? | Blood glucose for diabetes |
| Monitoring | How is the disease changing? | HbA1c over time |
| Prognostic | What is the likely course? | Tumour stage markers |
| Predictive | Who will respond to this treatment? | Target mutation for a targeted therapy |
| Pharmacodynamic / response | Is the drug acting on its target? | Change in a pathway marker after dosing |
| Safety | Is there toxicity? | Liver enzymes, creatinine |
In Capture
Lab and biomarker results sit in lab forms with analytes as rows, units and reference ranges by sex and age. Out-of-range values are flagged at entry, alert values are routed to the medical monitor, and the AI form builder drafts analyte tables from a lab manual or range sheet.
Haemoglobin HGB · g/dL
3 strataSomething you can measure, such as a blood test, image or sensor reading, that tells you about a biological process, a disease or a response to treatment.
A surrogate endpoint is a biomarker that has been shown, or is reasonably likely, to predict clinical benefit and is used in place of a clinical outcome.
One that identifies people more likely to respond, or to respond differently, to a specific treatment.
A biomarker collected by digital devices such as wearables or smartphones.
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