Therapeutic area · Breast cancerUpdated September 28, 2026

EDC for breast cancer trials, from biomarkers to years of follow-up

Breast cancer trials are defined by subtype, measured by pathology or imaging, and followed for years. Capture structures receptor status for eligibility and stratification, cycles and assessments on one schedule, and long follow-up with participant-reported outcomes.

  • Receptor status as structured data
  • Stratified randomisation
  • Long follow-up with ePRO

Free sandbox · No credit card · 21 CFR Part 11 aligned

Tumour characteristics · Screening
Subject 015-0022 · Core biopsySubmitted

Oestrogen receptor

PositiveNegative

Progesterone receptor

PositiveNegative

HER2 status

Positive (IHC 3+)

Clinical T stage

cT2

Clinical nodal status

cN1
Feeds eligibility and stratification

What matters in breast cancer trials

  • Trials are designed around subtype: hormone receptor status and HER2 status define populations, eligibility and stratification factors.
  • Neoadjuvant trials often use pathologic complete response (pCR) at surgery as an endpoint; FDA has guidance on using pCR to support accelerated approval in high-risk early breast cancer.
  • Adjuvant trials use time-to-event endpoints such as invasive disease-free survival, which require years of follow-up.
  • Metastatic trials use progression-free and overall survival, with tumour response assessed by RECIST 1.1.
  • Patient-reported outcomes, including breast-specific quality of life modules, are increasingly important for regulators and patients.

Study design

Subtype-driven design, captured as data

Hormone receptor-positive, HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancers behave differently and are treated differently, so most trials enrol one subtype or stratify by it. That makes receptor status and HER2 testing results eligibility-critical data: they must be recorded as structured values, verified against pathology reports and available to the randomisation design as stratification factors.

In the neoadjuvant setting, the endpoint arrives months later at surgery, when the pathologist reports whether any invasive cancer remains in the breast and lymph nodes. Recording that result on a dedicated pathology form, with the definition of pCR used by the protocol, avoids the classic problem of pCR being inferred from free-text reports.

Years of follow-up

Adjuvant trials follow participants for many years for recurrence and survival. Follow-up visits thin out over time, and remote completion of quality of life questionnaires keeps participants engaged without extra clinic visits. See EORTC QLQ-C30 for the core cancer questionnaire.

Schedule of assessments · Neoadjuvant HER2+
AssessmentScrC1C3C6SurgeryAdjFU yr 1-5
Receptor status
Breast imaging
Pathology (pCR)
Cardiac function
QoL (ePRO)
Recurrence status

Stratification

Stratified randomisation at enrolment

Set the arms, block size and stratification factors (such as hormone receptor status or nodal status) once at setup. Allocation happens automatically at enrolment, the same way at every site, and every allocation is logged in the audit trail.

  • Block randomisation with stratification.
  • Blinded roles never see allocation.
  • Emergency unblinding controlled and logged.
Clinical trial randomization software
Randomization · stratified blocks · 1:1
Site 01

Baseline severity: moderate

Block 7 of 12

Site 01

Baseline severity: severe

Block 4 of 12

Site 02

Baseline severity: moderate

Block 6 of 12

Subject 01-0048 randomized

Blinded

Randomization no.

R-0166

Treatment arm

●●●●●●

Emergency unblinding

Built in for blinded designs, when participant safety requires it.

Safety

CTCAE-graded AEs and patient-reported symptoms

Investigators grade adverse events with CTCAE on the AE log, with the minimum dataset enforced, while participants report symptoms weekly with PRO-CTCAE on their phones. Serious events raise routed safety alerts and are signed off under an electronic signature.

  • CTCAE grade on the AE form.
  • PRO-CTCAE weekly between visits.
  • SAE timeline and sign-off.
PRO-CTCAE eCRF template
Adverse event · 01-004
AE term *Headache
Onset date *UNK-JUN-2026
Serious? *Yes
Severity / CTCAE grade *Grade 2
Causality to IMP *Required when serious
Save draftSubmit

Cannot submit yet

Causality is required because the event is serious.

Build a subtype-stratified study

Set up receptor status forms and stratified randomisation in the free sandbox.

Build your breast cancer study free

Endpoints by setting

What each breast cancer setting measures, and what to record

SettingTypical primary endpointWhat the eCRF must capture
NeoadjuvantPathologic complete response (pCR)Surgery date, pathology result in breast and nodes, pCR definition used; residual cancer burden if part of the protocol.
AdjuvantInvasive disease-free survival (iDFS)Recurrence type and date, second primary cancers and deaths, using standardised event definitions.
MetastaticProgression-free survivalTarget and non-target lesions at each assessment, RECIST 1.1 response, date of progression.
All settingsOverall survival, safety, quality of lifeSurvival status at follow-up, CTCAE-graded AEs, PRO questionnaires.

Standardised definitions for adjuvant breast cancer endpoints (the STEEP criteria) help keep event classification consistent across trials.

Study build

Breast cancer study build checklist

Receptor status fields

ER, PR and HER2 with test method and result, verified against pathology.

Stratification factors

Chosen and configured before the first randomisation.

Endpoint definitions

pCR, iDFS or PFS definitions written into forms and help text.

Cardiac monitoring

LVEF assessments scheduled where HER2-targeted therapy is used.

Tumour assessments

RECIST 1.1 forms and imaging schedule for metastatic trials.

Long-term follow-up

Recurrence, survival and remote quality of life questionnaires.

FAQ

Questions teams ask before they switch

Something not covered here? Ask us directly.

What is pathologic complete response?

The absence of residual invasive cancer in the breast and lymph nodes at surgery after neoadjuvant therapy. State the exact definition used (for example ypT0/is ypN0) in the protocol.

Why is cardiac monitoring common in HER2 trials?

HER2-targeted therapies can affect heart function, so protocols usually schedule LVEF assessments before and during treatment.

What endpoints do breast cancer trials use?

Pathologic complete response in neoadjuvant trials, invasive disease-free survival in adjuvant trials, and progression-free and overall survival in metastatic disease, alongside safety and quality of life.

How should receptor status be recorded?

As structured fields (ER, PR, HER2 with test details), verified against pathology reports and available as stratification factors.

Can Capture stratify randomisation by subtype?

Yes. Stratification factors are set at setup and applied automatically at enrolment.

How are long follow-up periods handled?

Follow-up visits on the schedule with windows, and quality of life questionnaires completed remotely on participants' phones.

Can I try it free?

Yes, in the free sandbox with every feature.

Breast cancer data structured from biopsy to follow-up

Free sandbox with every feature.

Build your breast cancer study free